domingo, 31 de octubre de 2010

Sindrome metabolico

Síndrome metabólico o resistencia a la insulina

El síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina es la plaga del siglo XXI en los países desarrollados y hay que conocer sus causas.

¿Qué es el síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina?

El síndrome metabólico, síndrome de resistencia a la insulina, síndrome plurimetabólico o síndrome X se caracteriza por un conjunto de desajustes o signos en nuestro metabolismo:

  • Hiperinsulinismo o resistencia la insulina (nuestra insulina no es eficaz aunque esté en gran cantidad) que puede terminar con desajustes en la glucosa (diabetes)
  • Hipertensión arterial.
  • Colesterol y o triglicéridos.
  • Obesidad (especialmente alrededor de la cintura)

El síndrome metabólico es el preludio de cualquier accidente cardiovascular (ataque al corazón, embolia cerebral, etc.)

Causas del síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina

Es muy curioso que ante esta enfermedad o conjunto de síntomas (no es preciso tenerlas todas) básicamente se habla de factores genéticos o hereditarios. Es cierto que eso siempre influye pero también veremos que casi todas las personas que sufren de síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina tienen en común una serie de factores:

  • Son gente que hace años que viven con un altísimo nivel de estrés (no pueden ni saben relajarse ni en vacaciones ni en días de fiesta) y una vida muy sedentaria (tampoco suelen practicar ningún ejercicio físico)
  • Son personas con una dieta muy desequilibrada y a menudo caótica.
  • Empiezan "fabricando" colesterol; al cabo de un par de años se vuelven hipertensos o se les dispara la glucosa; empiezan a aumentar de peso especialmente alrededor de la cintura; si antes eran personas optimistas ahora se vuelven ansiosas, nerviosas o depresivas; están siempre cansados y su memoria empieza a preocuparles.

En general veremos que se trata de personas sobre que han pasado los cuarenta años (aunque cada vez ocurre antes) y que han hecho "un bajón". Hasta hace poco sus analíticas eran normales y ahora se les está "disparando" todos los parámetros.
La lectura es bien simple: su cuerpo se ha cansado de que le traten mal. El estrés y la mala alimentación son la combinación ideal para que surja cualquier tipo de enfermedad.

Cuando preguntamos como y a que hora comen las personas con síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina nunca nos llevamos ninguna sorpresa: la mayoría de estas personas sólo desayuna un café con leche o un café con dos galletas.

Luego pasan más de 6 horas hasta el almuerzo sin comer nada y de nuevo pueden pasar 7 horas hasta la cena. La hipoglucemia o bajones de glucosa en sangre seguidos de comidas caóticas (la persona se siente con un apetito voraz, es normal, y come lo que sea como sea) hacen que aumente nuestra resistencia a la insulina.

¿Cómo se diagnostica el síndrome metabólico?

El médico revisará nuestro peso corporal y valorará si tenemos sobrepeso (sobretodo observará si el peso se acumula principalmente en nuestro abdomen); nos tomará la presión arterial para ver si tenemos hipertensión arterial y ordenará que nos realicen una analítica de sangre para ver como estamos de colesterol, triglicéridos, glucosa y nuestros niveles de insulina. Ver que nivel de estrés padece y si lo compensa de algún modo (ejercicio físico, relajación, etc.)
Normalmente cuando hay tres factores alterados ya se puede decir que el paciente sufre de síndrome metabólico.

Tratamientos naturales para el síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina

Reducción del estrés.
Reducir el estrés es básico para que nuestras suprarrenales dejen de producir cortisol y adrenalina y con ello paremos la orden de enviar grasas y glucosa a la sangre para poder repeler el enemigo que nos acecha. Ese enemigo que nunca llega pero que con el estrés continuo nuestro cuerpo siempre espera hace que con el tiempo el desequilibrio afecte cada vez a más funciones de nuestro organismo.

Dentro de las terapias naturales el Yoga, la meditación, el reiki, el masaje o de hecho cualquier técnica que tengamos para relajarnos nos ayudará a tener un buen equilibrio funcional. El deporte o ejercicio físico ayuda a mejorar nuestra resistencia la insulina de una manera muy rápida y eficaz. La persona empieza a adelgazar y mejora su estado de ánimo y su nivel de energía.

    Dieta o nutrición para el síndrome metabólico.
  • Para estas personas suele ser básico hacer cinco comidas al día (desayuno, tentempié a media mañana, almuerzo, merienda o tentempié por la tarde y cena) Por supuesto que hay que adaptarlo al horario y circunstancias de cada caso.
  • Hay que mejorar su dieta empezando por eliminar los alimentos refinados (toda la bollería industrial) y excitantes (colas, refrescos, café, alcohol, etc.) También es el momento de reducir o eliminar el tabaco. Aumentaremos el consumo de fibra (verduras, panes y pasta integral, aumentaremos la proporción de las proteínas vegetales como legumbres, tofu, frutos secos crudos, levadura de cerveza, germinados, alga espirulina, etc.)
  • Ácidos grasos: los ácidos grasos tipo Omega 3 (pescado azul, semillas de lino o linaza, germen de trigo, soja o soya, etc.) ayudan a cuidar nuestro sistema cardiovascular.
  • Ajo: de forma natural o en forma de cápsula o comprimido regula nuestro colesterol, glucosa e hipertensión. Es sin duda quizá nuestro mejor aliado contra el síndrome metabólico.
  • Canela: colabora regulando los niveles de azúcar y colesterol.
  • Fibra: una dieta rica en fibra es vital para disminuir la absorción de grasas y azúcares innecesarios. Los alimentos integrales (especialmente la avena) y las frutas y verduras son los alimentos más ricos en fibra. Las semillas de lino o linaza, bien trituradas, nos aportarán fibra y ácidos grasos a la vez.
  • Endulzantes: la Stevia y el Agave nos ayudarán a mantener nuestros niveles de azúcar o glucosa más estables.
    Suplementos ideales para el síndrome de resistencia a la insulina.
  • Cromo: en forma de oligoelemento ayuda a regular los niveles de insulina y por ello favorece un mejor equilibrio en nuestros niveles de glucosa y colesterol.
  • Triptófano: es un aminoácido que nos ayuda a disminuir nuestros niveles de estrés y por ello favorece que nuestro cuerpo libere menos cortisol y adrenalina favoreciendo un mejor equilibrio metabólico.

Fitoterapia o plantas medicinales

Para el síndrome metabólico o síndrome de resistencia a la insulina lo ideal sería reducir los excitantes (café y té) y tomar dos o tres veces al día una infusión que tuviera plantas:  

  • Relajantes: elegir entre: melisa, azahar, pasiflora, manzanilla, etc.
  • Hepáticas: elegir entre: alcachofera, diente de león, etc.
  • Digestivas: elegir entre: anís verde, poleo, maría luisa, etc.

Lo ideal sería endulzarlas con Stevia o Agave.

Nuestro consejo

Lo más importante es entender que nuestro cuerpo nos está avisando que ese ritmo de mala alimentación y demasiado estrés nos está llevando a una situación límite. Nos enfrentamos a una situación de alto riesgo. Todos conocemos a nuestro alrededor casos del tipo "si parecía que estaba bien".
Pues si, lo parecía. "Siempre le recordaremos".
En fin... que a cuidarse tocan. Por poco que hagamos veremos que nuestro cuerpo reacciona y empezamos a mejorar rápidamente.

En todos los casos le recomendamos consultar con su médico, terapeuta u otro profesional de la salud competente. La información contenida en este artículo tiene una función meramente informativa.

Josep Vicent Arnau

Naturópata y Acupuntor

Colaborador de enbuenasmanos.com

Free school dinner, barefoot prof and how to help poor kids


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The Washington Post - Education
Tuesday, October 19, 2010
advertisement
Headlines of the Week

1) Thousands now getting dinner at school, too
D.C. public schools have started serving an early dinner to an estimated 10,000 students, many of whom are now receiving three meals a day from the system as it expand efforts to curb childhood hunger and poor nutritition. Free and reduced-price breakfast and lunch long have been staples in most urban school systems. But the District is going a step further in 99 of its 123 schools and reaching nearly a quarter of its total enrollment. Montgomery and Prince George's Country also offer a third meal of the day in some schools but not on the scale undertaken in the city. The program, which will cost the school system about $5.7 million this year, comes at a time of heightened concern about childhood poverty in the city. Census data show that the poverty rate among African American children is 43 percent, up from 31 percent in 2007 and significantly higher than national rates.
» Read full article

2) Low-income students do better in affluent schools
Low-income students in Montgomery County performed better when they attended affluent elementary schools instead of ones with higher concentrations of poverty, according to a new study that suggests economic integration is a powerful but neglected school-reform tool. The debate over reforming public education has focused mostly on improving individual schools through better teaching and expanded accountability efforts. But the study, to be released Friday, addresses the potential impact of policies that mix income levels across several schools or an entire district. And it suggests that such policies could be more effective than directing extra resources at higher-poverty schools. The idea is easier to apply in areas with substantial middle-class populations and more difficult in communities, such as the District, with large concentrations of poverty. Yet it lends fresh support to an idea as old as the Supreme Court's Brown v. Board of Education ruling in 1954: Segregated schools - in this case, separated by economics, not law - are rarely as good as diverse ones at educating low-income students.
» Read full article

3) A cappella catches on at colleges
When the Saxatones and the other five a cappella singing groups hold their annual rush at Georgetown University, hundreds of underclassmen race to sing for each ensemble. The audition process is so extensive that it might remind some students of getting into college in the first place: Paperwork and surveys. Ever-narrowing lists of callbacks. Passionate persuasion. Offers and rejections. Initiation ceremonies featuring singing, traditional rites and, most of the time, drinking. For decades, a cappella was a tradition that thrived mainly at Ivy League institutions and small liberal arts schools. But a cappella is enjoying an explosion on all manner of campuses, with new groups popping up every year, burgeoning national a cappella competitions and, for the first time in about half a century, a high profile in the popular culture.
» Go to the online page

4) Can Rhee's replacement deliver on her agenda, without the drama?
As Chancellor Michelle A. Rhee winds down a turbulent 31/2 years in the District, she leaves in her wake a question that will be largely Kaya Henderson's to answer: Can school reform continue with the same velocity and ambition under a leadership that values consensus and collaboration over blunt force and broken crockery? Henderson's charge from presumptive mayor-elect Vincent C. Gray (D), who wants her to be his interim - and possibly permanent - chancellor, is to make sure that the answer is yes. "I'm totally confident we can come together and push reforms with the same urgency," she said in a phone interview Thursday (a request for an office visit was declined). She sounded upbeat but a little frayed from her Wednesday unveiling and a trip to Bahrain last week for an international education conference.
» Read full article

5) NEA President Van Roekel talks about teaching today
Post Education Columnist Jay Mathews talks to Van Roekel about education in the 21st Century, why teachers unions aren't villains, and what's wrong with "Waiting For Superman."
» Read full article

BEST OF THE BLOGS
1) CLASS STRUGGLE:Jay Mathews on the school that's discouraging curiosity
Westfield High School in Fairfax County is one of the largest and most competitive public schools in America. It is not unusual that 180 sophomores enrolled in Advanced Placement World History this year, more students than most U.S. high schools have taking AP courses of any kind. What did surprise some Westfield students and their parents was a sheet titled "Expectations of Integrity" included in the materials handed out by the three AP World History teachers. Their number one rule discouraged random outbreaks of curiosity: "You are only allowed to use your OWN knowledge, your OWN class notes, class handouts, your OWN class homework, or The Earth and Its Peoples textbook to complete assignments and assessments UNLESS specifically informed otherwise by your instructor. " » Go to blog

2) THE ANSWER SHEET: Valerie Strauss on how billionaire funders hurt schools
Today the foundation set up by billionaires Eli and Edythe Broad is giving away $2 million to an urban school district that has pursued education reform that they like. On Friday a Florida teacher is running 50 miles to raise money so that he and his fellow teachers don't have to spend their own money to buy paper and pencils, binders (1- and 2-inch), spiral notebooks, composition books and printer ink. Together the two events show the perverted way schools are funded in 2010. Very wealthy people are donating big private money to their own pet projects: charter schools, charter school management companies, teacher assessment systems. (The latest example is Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg's $100 million donation to the Newark public schools, given with the provision that Zuckerberg, apparently an education reform expert, play a big role in determining success.)» Go to blog

3) D.C. SCHOOLS INSIDER: Bill Turque on how Rhee "fell short"
In a valedictory piece co-written for our Sunday Outlook section, outgoing Mayor Adrian M. Fenty and Chancellor Michelle A. Rhee acknowledge that they undermined their school reform efforts by not building stronger support for the sweeping changes. "When it came to ensuring broad support for our work, we fell short," they wrote. "The lessons learned from that weakness, however, can become a strength. We reach out today to ask the entire community to embrace the school reform efforts in the months and years ahead.» Go to blog

4) COLLEGE INC.: Daniel de Vise on the barefoot prof
Daniel Howell, a biology professor at Virginia's Liberty University, is on a "crusade to challenge America's cultural addiction to shoes", according to a feature in the Richmond Times-Dispatch that has hit the wires. Howell "likens the shoe to a cast that immobilizes an otherwise healthy foot and prevents it from functioning as nature intended," the article says. His argument doesn't always go over well in restaurants. So he carries a letter from the state health department that says bare feet in a restaurant is not a health code violation. » Go to blog

5) CAMPUS OVERLOAD: Jenna Johnson on the five types of college drinkers
A new study of college drinkers has found that about two-thirds of students binge drink on a weekly basis -- for a guy, that means chugging five drinks in two hours. For women, it's four drinks. On average, students said they did so about twice a week. Okay, so maybe that's old news. But here's something that caught my eye in a news release about the study (which was paid for by the Ad Council and The Century Council): A breakdown of the different types of drinkers, complete with nicknames. » Go to blog

QUOTE OF THE DAY
"Good. I would rather see money spent on kids in need than inflated salaries. While this helps alleviate the hunger problem on an immediate level, more profound steps should be taken to educate the parents/caretakers on how to put together inexpensive, nutritious meals for their families. Basic skills that everyone should know. It is great to see that DC recognizes and immediately addresses nutritional needs for its young students, who, through no fault of their own, are unable to go to bed without empty stomachs. Nutrition and education are entwined. Teaching adults how to meet those goals will help the families and in turn, teach the children that nutritional meals do not have to cost a lot. Many of us have/had mothers who had to do a lot with a little, and we learned from their lessons. "

joanharlin, 10/18/2010 9:08:18 PM » Students get dinner at D.C. schools | Weigh in

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sábado, 30 de octubre de 2010

FDA Announces Sibutramine Has Been Withdrawn From the Market

cuidado gorditas!!!
 

15 de octubre 2010 - Laboratorios Abbott ha retirado del mercado, el medicamento para la obesidad sibutramina (Meridia)  a la luz de los datos de ensayos clínicos que apuntan a un mayor riesgo de infarto de miocardio y accidente cerebrovascular.




WEEK IN REVIEW MedscapeCME


FEATURES

FDA Announces Sibutramine Has Been Withdrawn From the Market
Clinical Review, October 2010

The Safe and Effective Use of Methadone in Primary Care
Experts and Viewpoints, October 2010

Nutritional Risk at Admission Strongly Predicts Prolonged Hospital Stay
Clinical Review, October 2010

Self-Injury in Adolescents With Eating Disorders Often Missed
Clinical Review, October 2010

Intake of Whole Grain Foods Linked to Lower Levels of Visceral Adipose Tissue
Clinical Review, October 2010

Atypical Fractures May Complicate Long-term Bisphosphonate Therapy
Clinical Review, October 2010

Human Bite Infections
Clinical Reference, October 2010

Ibuprofen May Help Relieve Acute Migraine Headaches
Clinical Review, October 2010

Long-Term Outcome With Routine Invasive Strategy in ACS, and What About the Medically Managed Patients After Catheterization?  Complete this 2 part activity for CME Credit: Discuss the genetic implication of clopidogrel use.


DIABETES

Adding an Incretin-Based Therapy Early in T2DM Treatment: Evaluating Options Using Guideline Recommendations
Experts and Viewpoints, October 2010

Spotlight on Insulin Analogs
Article, October 2010


CARDIOLOGY

Carotid Stent or Surgery? New Meta-Analysis Sends Mixed Messages
Clinical Review, October 2010

RENEW: Intense Diet/Exercise Improves Weight, CV Risk Factors, in Severely Obese
Clinical Review, October 2010

Lean Body Mass Linked to Better Mental Health, Survival in Dialysis Patients
Clinical Review, October 2010


PEDIATRICS

Asthma Educational Snapshot - The Pediatric Predicament: How Do We Achieve and Maintain Control in a Vulnerable Population?
Slide/Lecture Presentation, October 2010

Conduct Disorder in Adolescence Predicts Substance Use Disorders in Adulthood
Clinical Review, October 2010

FDA Approves Extended-Release Clonidine for Pediatric ADHD
Clinical Review, October 2010


PSYCHIATRY

Primary Care Intervention May Be Helpful for Treating Chronic Depression
Clinical Review, October 2010

Low Testosterone Levels Linked to Alzheimer's Disease in Older Men
Clinical Review, October 2010


WOMEN'S HEALTH

Below-Fascia Wound Infusion Cuts Pain After C-Section But May Cause Complications
Clinical Review, October 2010

Postmenopausal Hormone Use Linked to Risk for Kidney Stones
Clinical Review, October 2010

Pregnancy Safe After Uterine Artery Embolization for Fibroids
Clinical Review, October 2010

Hormone Therapy Raises CHD Risk in Women With Metabolic Syndrome
Clinical Review, October 2010

ACOG Guidelines for Treating Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women Reviewed
Clinical Review, October 2010

Urinary Tract Infection, Females
Clinical Reference, October 2010

Hip Fractures Soar When Hormone Therapy Stops
Clinical Review, October 2010


CASE PRESENTATIONS

Physician Work Stoppages and Political Demonstrations -- Economic Self-Interest or Patient Advocacy? Where Is the Line?
Clinical Case, October 2010

Improving Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Clinical Case, October 2010

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